Female Leaders from CaoDai and Sikhism Who Fought for Religious Freedom

This session discusses the legacies of three female religious leaders from CaoDai and Sikhism, including recognition of their leadership in defending religious freedoms and challenges in missionary and service works. Below are their brief biographies: Cardinal Huong Hieu (1887-1971) is the first Lady Cardinal of Caodaism who is recognized for her 43 years of contributions in the founding of Caodaism in 1926, missionary works under the scrutiny of French colonists, and leadership in managing Female Dignitary College. Archbishop Huong Nuong of Caodaism (1910-1985) is recognized for her 52 years of service in managing charitable organizations, and her courage in advocating for peace and religious freedom. Mata Khivi of Sikhism (1506–1582), wife of the second Guru Angad Dev Ji, is recognized for her outstanding leadership in Langar and Sewa (service) systems, a woman who demonstrated equality principle in Sikhism and a champion who passionately provided foods, shelter, and protections to others.